Course focus.
Students design and test solutions to real-world problems through hands-on labs, engineering challenges, simulations, and data storytelling. Emphasis on scientific method, computational thinking, math modeling, and clear communication—culminating in a portfolio-ready mini design/inquiry project.
Foundations: measurement & units, uncertainty/error, dimensional analysis, proportional reasoning & functions, modeling real data
Lab & Design Methods: experimental design, controls & variables, prototyping (paper → cardboard → simple CAD), circuits/sensors (intro), safe lab practices
Data Skills: clean data tables, descriptive stats (mean/median/SD), trendlines & residuals, spreadsheets & basic coding for graphs, claim–evidence–reasoning
Systems & Impact: energy & motion (physics lite), matter & reactions (chem lite), ecosystems & human impact (bio/earth), sustainability & ethical trade-offs
Technology (optional extensions): phone-sensor labs, PhET/sim-based investigations, microcontrollers or robotics (as available)
Communication: figures & captions, concise methods/results writing, short stand-ups & mini-talks, collaborative design briefs
Video: Rules for determining significant figures (Khan Academy)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/up-class-11-physics/x3a9a44f124d01cf7%3Asignificant-figures/v/rules-for-determining-significant-figures Khan Academy
Practice: Significant figures (counting)
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic-home/arith-review-decimals/arithmetic-significant-figures-tutorial/e/significant_figures_1 Khan Academy
Videos: Add/Subtract and Multiply/Divide with sig figs
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic-home/arith-review-decimals/arithmetic-significant-figures-tutorial/v/addition-and-subtraction-with-significant-figures
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/arithmetic-home/arith-review-decimals/arithmetic-significant-figures-tutorial/v/multiplying-and-dividing-with-significant-figures Khan Academy+1
Reference (PDF): NIST SI Brochure (2019) + Guide to SI usage
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.330-2019.pdf
https://www.nist.gov/pml/special-publication-811/nist-guide-si-chapter-7-rules-and-style-conventions-expressing-values NIST PublicationsNIST
Video: Intro to dimensional analysis (treating units algebraically)
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra/x2f8bb11595b61c86%3Aworking-units/x2f8bb11595b61c86%3Arate-conversion/v/dimensional-analysis-units-algebraically Khan Academy
Worked example (video):
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/exam-preparation-class-11th-physics/x1bb14bf6855eda41%3Aweek-1/x1bb14bf6855eda41%3Aunits-and-measurements/v/worked-example-dimensional-analysis Khan Academy
Practice: Dimensional analysis & its applications
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/in-in-class11th-physics/in-in-11th-physics-units-and-measurement/x7183bffa9768c609%3Adimensional-analysis/e/dimensional-analysis-and-its-applications Khan Academy
Reference: NIST conversion factors & rounding guidance
https://www.nist.gov/pml/special-publication-811/nist-guide-si-appendix-b-conversion-factors
https://www.nist.gov/document/glp-9-rounding-20190506pdf NIST+1
Khan Academy mini-unit: Lines of fit & scatter plots
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra-1-fl-best/x91c6a5a4a9698230%3Awriting-linear-functions Khan Academy
Video: Estimate slope/equation of best-fit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=33KiPuySZes YouTube
How-to (Google Sheets): Add a trendline (best-fit)
https://support.google.com/docs/answer/6075154?hl=en Google Help
How-to (Excel): Add a trendline / regression line
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/add-a-trend-or-moving-average-line-to-a-chart-fa59f86c-5852-4b68-a6d4-901a745842ad Microsoft Support
Article: Position vs. time graphs (read & examples)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/one-dimensional-motion/displacement-velocity-time/a/position-vs-time-graphs Khan Academy
Article: Velocity vs. time graphs (areas & slopes)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-physics-1/xf557a762645cccc5%3Akinematics/xf557a762645cccc5%3Avisual-models-of-motion/a/what-are-velocity-vs-time-graphs Khan Academy
Practice: Displacement from v–t (area)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-physics-1/xf557a762645cccc5%3Akinematics/xf557a762645cccc5%3Avisual-models-of-motion/e/v-t-area-displacement Khan Academy
Deeper dive (The Physics Classroom): p-t meaning of shape & v-t meaning of shape
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1DKin/Lesson-3/The-Meaning-of-Shape-for-a-p-t-Graph
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1DKin/Lesson-4/Meaning-of-Shape-for-a-v-t-Graph The Physics Classroom+1
Video: Types of forces & FBDs (AP/HS level)
https://en.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-1/ap-forces-newtons-laws/introduction-to-forces-and-free-body-diagrams-ap/v/types-of-forces-and-free-body-diagrams Khan Academy
Articles: Normal force and Friction (static vs kinetic)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/forces-newtons-laws/normal-contact-force/a/what-is-normal-force
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-physics-1/xf557a762645cccc5%3Aforce-and-translational-dynamics/xf557a762645cccc5%3Afriction-force/a/what-is-friction Khan Academy+1
Practice: Free-body diagrams & Newton’s laws
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-physics-1/xf557a762645cccc5%3Aforce-and-translational-dynamics/xf557a762645cccc5%3Aforces-and-systems/e/free-body-diagrams-ap-physics-1
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-physics-1/xf557a762645cccc5%3Aforce-and-translational-dynamics/xf557a762645cccc5%3Aforces-and-acceleration/e/newton-s-2nd-and-3rd-laws Khan Academy+1
Tutorial: Drawing Free-Body Diagrams (The Physics Classroom)
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/newtlaws/Lesson-2/Drawing-Free-Body-Diagrams The Physics Classroom
Simulation: PhET – Forces & Motion: Basics (Net force, friction)
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/forces-and-motion-basics/latest/forces-and-motion-basics_en.html PhET
Video: Work & Power (HS Physics)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/highschool-physics/x6679aa2c65c01e53%3Aenergy/x6679aa2c65c01e53%3Awork-and-power/v/work_and_power Khan Academy
Practice sets (choose at least one):
Conservation of energy — https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-physics-1/xf557a762645cccc5%3Awork-energy-and-power/xf557a762645cccc5%3Auntitled-271/e/conservation-of-energy
Apply conservation of energy (HS) — https://www.khanacademy.org/science/highschool-physics/x6679aa2c65c01e53%3Aenergy/x6679aa2c65c01e53%3Aconservation-of-energy/e/apply-conservation-of-energy Khan Academy+1
Open textbook reading (pick one chapter):
OpenStax College Physics – Chapter 7: Work & Energy
https://openstax.org/books/college-physics-2e/pages/7-introduction-to-work-energy-and-energy-resources OpenStax
Simulation: PhET – Energy Skate Park (measure KE/PE/TE)
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/energy-skate-park/latest/energy-skate-park_all.html PhET
Concept builder / Interactive: Energy bar charts (LOL/Chart That Motion)
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/interactive/work-and-energy/chart-that-motion
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/concept-builder/work-and-energy/lol-charts-energy-bar-charts/launch The Physics Classroom+1
Option A — Phone-Sensor Motion Lab (no special hardware):
App (free): phyphox – Physical Phone Experiments (Android / iOS)
Android: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.rwth_aachen.phyphox
iOS: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/phyphox/id1127319693
Experiment ideas & how-tos: https://phyphox.org/experiment/?hardware=accelerometer Google PlayApplephyphox
Alternative app: Arduino Science Journal (Android / iOS)
Android: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=cc.arduino.sciencejournal
iOS: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/arduino-science-journal/id1518014927
Overview: https://www.arduino.cc/education/science-journal Google PlayAppleArduino
Option B — Cart & Hanging Mass (Modified Atwood) Lab:
Interactive & notes:
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/interactive/newtons-laws/atwoods-machine
Notes (PDF): https://www.physicsclassroom.com/getattachment/Physics-Video-Tutorial/Newtons-Laws/Atwoods-Machines/Lecture-Notes/LessonNotes.pdf?lang=en-US The Physics Classroom+1
AP-style investigation (overview PDF):
https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/media/pdf/ap-physics-1-investigation-1-7.pdf AP Central
High School Physics (Khan Academy) — all units
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/highschool-physics Khan Academy
AP Physics 1 (Khan Academy) — aligned practice by topic
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-college-physics-1 Khan Academy
PhET Simulations — search “forces”, “energy”, “motion”
https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/browse?subjects=physics&type=html,prototype PhET
PhET — Ohm’s Law
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/ohms-law/latest/ohms-law_en.html
PhET — Circuit Construction Kit: DC
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html
Khan — Ohm’s law (practice)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-2/x0e2f5a2c:ap-2-circuits/x0e2f5a2c:ap-2-circuits-with-resistors/e/voltage-and-ohm-s-law-ap1
Khan — Resistors in series & parallel (read)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-1/ap-circuits-topic/series-circuits-ap/a/resistors-in-series-and-parallel
Khan — Identify series vs. parallel (practice)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/electrical-engineering/ee-circuit-analysis-topic/ee-resistor-circuits/e/skill-check--identifying-series-and-parallel-resistors
Khan — Parallel resistors (read)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/electrical-engineering/ee-circuit-analysis-topic/ee-resistor-circuits/a/ee-parallel-resistors
PhET — Circuit Construction Kit: DC (Virtual Lab)
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc-virtual-lab/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc-virtual-lab_en.html
SparkFun — How to use a multimeter (tutorial)
https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/how-to-use-a-multimeter/all
Fluke — Multimeter guide
https://www.fluke.com/en-us/learn/blog/maintenance-monitoring/how-to-use-a-multimeter-guide
phyphox — Phone sensor experiments
https://phyphox.org/experiment/?hardware=accelerometer
Arduino Science Journal — overview
https://www.arduino.cc/education/science-journal
Khan — HS Chemistry: Chemical reactions (unit)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/hs-chemistry/x2613d8165d88df5e:chemical-reactions
Khan — Endothermic vs. exothermic (video)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/hs-chemistry/x2613d8165d88df5e:energy-of-chemical-reactions/v/endothermic-and-exothermic-reactions
Khan — Rate of reaction (video)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry-beta/x2eef969c74e0d802:kinetics/x2eef969c74e0d802:reaction-rates/v/rate-of-reaction
Khan — Factors affecting reaction rates (video)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/hs-chemistry/x2613d8165d88df5e:reaction-rates-and-equilibrium/x2613d8165d88df5e:reaction-rates/v/factors-affecting-reaction-rates
Khan — Reaction rates (practice)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry-beta/x2eef969c74e0d802:kinetics/x2eef969c74e0d802:reaction-rates/e/reaction-rates
PhET — Concentration
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/concentration/latest/concentration_en.html
OpenStax Chemistry 2e — 12.1 Chemical Reaction Rates
https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/12-1-chemical-reaction-rates
PhET — Reactions & Rates (legacy)
https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/reactions-and-rates
OpenStax — 12.2 Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
https://openstax.org/books/chemistry-2e/pages/12-2-factors-affecting-reaction-rates
Submit via your LMS (backup hub)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science
Khan — Conduction, convection, radiation (video)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/in-in-class11th-physics/in-in-thermal-properties-of-matter/x7183bffa9768c609:modes-of-heat-transfer/v/thermal-conduction-convection-and-radiation
Khan — Heat vs. temperature (video)
https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/chemical-processes/thermochemistry/v/heat-transfer-1
Khan — Specific heat capacity (video)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/hs-chemistry/x2613d8165d88df5e:thermochemistry/x2613d8165d88df5e:heat-capacity/v/specific-heat-capacity
Khan — Apply specific heat (practice)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/hs-chemistry/x2613d8165d88df5e:thermochemistry/x2613d8165d88df5e:heat-capacity/e/apply-specific-heat-capacity
PhET — Energy Forms and Changes
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/energy-forms-and-changes/latest/energy-forms-and-changes_all.html
PhET — States of Matter: Basics
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/states-of-matter-basics/latest/states-of-matter-basics_en.html
PhET — States of Matter (full)
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/states-of-matter/latest/states-of-matter_en.html
EPA — How’s My Waterway (tool)
https://www.epa.gov/waterdata/hows-my-waterway
EPA — Community map
https://mywaterway.epa.gov/community
PhET — Energy Forms and Changes
https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/energy-forms-and-changes
Khan — Thermal energy, temperature, and heat (video)
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/hs-chemistry/x2613d8165d88df5e:thermochemistry/x2613d8165d88df5e:thermal-energy-and-equilibrium/v/thermal-energy-temperature-and-heat
OpenStax College Physics 2e — Thermodynamics overview (choose a section)
https://openstax.org/details/books/college-physics-2e
TeachEngineering — Engineering Design Process (overview)
https://www.teachengineering.org/populartopics/designprocess
NASA — EDP Classroom Connections (PDF)
https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/engineering-design-process-classroom-connections-508.pdf
Stanford d.school — Bootcamp Bootleg (PDF toolkit)
https://static1.squarespace.com/static/57c6b79629687fde090a0fdd/t/58890239db29d6cc6c3338f7/1485374014340/METHODCARDS-v3-slim.pdf
Trello — Education templates
https://trello.com/templates/education
NASA — EDP Worksheet (PDF)
https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/the_engineering_design_process_worksheet.pdf?emrc=199eb3
TeachEngineering — Identify the Need (activity)
https://www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/cub_creative_activity1
NetSuite — What is a Bill of Materials (student-friendly)
https://www.netsuite.com/portal/resource/articles/erp/bill-of-materials-bom.shtml
DAU — Bills of Material (overview)
https://www.dau.edu/acquipedia-article/bills-material-bom-dmsms
TeachEngineering — Design Thinking & EDP (activity)
https://www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/ced-2680-engineering-design-process-thinking
Stanford d.school — Design tools & resources
https://dschool.stanford.edu/innovate/tools
(Replace with your LMS link) Capstone demo schedule & rubric
https://www.example.com